Abdullah bin Abbas reported,

Ibn Abbas said, "Allah never granted victory in any encounter as He granted victory on the day of Uhud."We objected to this, so Ibn Abbas said, "Between me and anyone who denies it stands the Book of Allah . Allah says concerning the day of Uhud, 'And Allah had certainly fulfilled His promise to you when you were slaying them by His permission' [Al Imran 3:152]."Ibn Abbas explained that "slaying" here means killing, and continued with the verse, "until the moment when you lost courage" [Al Imran 3:152], up to the words, "but He has forgiven you, and Allah is the possessor of bounty toward the believers" [Al Imran 3:152]."What was meant by this were the archers. The Prophet ﷺ had stationed them in a particular place and told them, 'Guard our rear. If you see us being killed, do not come to our aid, and if you see us taking spoils, do not join us in it.' Then, when the Prophet ﷺ had taken the spoils and the Muslims had overrun the camp of the polytheists, the archers all rushed down together and went into the camp to plunder. By then the ranks of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had met and were like this," and he interlaced the fingers of his two hands, "all mingled together. When the archers left unguarded the gap they had been holding, the enemy cavalry came in upon the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ from that very place, so that they struck one another and fell into confusion, and many of the Muslims were killed."The early part of the day had gone in favour of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his Companions, and seven or nine of those who carried the standard of the polytheists had been killed. Then the Muslims broke and swept back toward the mountain. They did not reach the place people call the cave. They were only below the Mihras. Satan cried out, 'Muhammad has been killed!' and no one doubted that it was true. We remained like that, certain that he had been killed, until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came up between the two Saads. We knew him by the way he leaned forward as he walked. We rejoiced as though nothing at all had befallen us."He climbed up toward us saying, 'Allah's anger has grown severe against a people who bloodied the face of His Messenger,' and another time he said, 'O Allah, it is not for them to prevail over us,' until he reached us."He stayed a while, and then Abu Sufyan was heard shouting from the foot of the mountain, 'Be exalted, Hubal! Be exalted, Hubal!' meaning his gods. 'Where is the son of Abu Kabsha? Where is the son of Abu Quhafa? Where is the son of Khattab?'Umar said, "Messenger of Allah, shall I not answer him?"He said, "Yes."So when Abu Sufyan said, "Be exalted, Hubal!" Umar called back, "Allah is higher and greater."Abu Sufyan said, "Son of Khattab, she has had her fill, so turn away from her," or, "leave off from her." Then he called out, "Where is the son of Abu Kabsha? Where is the son of Abu Quhafa? Where is the son of Khattab?"Umar answered, "Here is the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and here is Abu Bakr, and here am I, Umar."Abu Sufyan said, "A day in return for the day of Badr. The days go by turns, and war swings back and forth."Umar replied, "We are not equal. Our slain are in Paradise, and your slain are in the Fire."Abu Sufyan said, "You do indeed claim that. If so, we have failed and lost." Then he said, "You will find that some of your dead have been mutilated, and that was not by the counsel of our leaders." Then the fury of ignorance overtook him and he said, "Even so, it did happen, and I was not displeased by it."

عن ابن عباس أنه قال

ما نصر الله تبارك وتعالى في موطن كما نصر يوم أحد، قال: فأنكرنا فقال ابن عباس: بيني وبين من أنكر ذلك كتاب الله تبارك وتعالى، إن الله عز وجل يقول في يوم أحد: {ولقد صدقكم الله وعده إذ تحسونهم بإذنه} [آل عمران: ١٥٢] يقول ابن عباس: والحس: القتل- {حتى إذا فشلتم} [آل عمران: ١٥٢] إلى قوله: {ولقد عفا عنكم والله ذو فضل على المؤمنين} [آل عمران: ١٥٢] وإنما عنى بهذا الرماة، وذلك أن النبي ﷺ أقامهم في موضع، ثم قال: احموا ظهورنا، فإن رأيتمونا نقتل، فلا تنصرونا، وإن رأيتمونا قد غنمنا فلا تشركونا فلما غنم النبي ﷺ وأباحوا عسكر المشركين، أكب الرماة جميعا، فدخلوا في العسكر ينهبون، وقد التقت صفوف أصحاب رسول الله ﷺ، فهم هكذا، وشبك بين أصابع يديه- والتبسوا، فلما أخل الرماة تلك الخلة التي كانوا فيها، دخلت الخيل من ذلك الموضع على أصحاب النبي ﷺ، فضرب بعضهم بعضا، والتبسوا، وقتل من المسلمين ناس كثير، وقد كان لرسول الله ﷺ وأصحابه أول النهار، حتى قتل من أصحاب لواء المشركين سبعة، أو تسعة، وجال المسلمون جولة نحو الجبل، ولم يبلغوا حيث يقول الناس الغار، إنما كانوا تحت المهراس، وصاح الشيطان: قتل محمد، فلم يشك فيه أنه حق، فما زلنا كذلك ما نشك أنه قتل، حتى مطلع رسول الله ﷺ بين السعدين نعرفه بتكفئه إذا مشى، قال: ففرحنا كأنه لم يصبنا ما أصابنا، قال: فرقي نحونا، وهو يقول: اشتد غضب الله على قوم دما وجه رسوله قال: ويقول مرة أخرى: اللهم إنه ليس لهم أن يعلونا حتى انتهى إلينا. فمكث ساعة فإذا أبو سفيان يصيح في أسفل الجبل: اعل هبل- مرتين، يعني آلهته- أين ابن أبي كبشة؟ أين ابن أبي قحافة؟ أين ابن الخطاب؟ فقال عمر: يا رسول الله ألا أجيبه؟ قال: بلي قال: فلما قال: اعل هبل قال عمر: الله أعلى وأجل، قال: فقال سفيان يا ابن الخطاب، إنه قد أنعمت عينها، فعاد عنها، أو فعال عنها، فقال: أين ابن أبي كبشة؟ أين ابن أبي قحافة؟ أين ابن الخطاب؟ فقال عمر: هذا رسول الله ﷺ، وهذا أبو بكر، وها أنا ذا عمر، قال: فقال سفيان: يوم بيوم بدر، الأيام دول، وإن الحرب سجال، قال: فقال عمر: لا سواء، قتلانا الجنة، وقتلاكم في النار، قال: إنكم لتزعمون ذلك، لقد خبنا إذا وخسرنا، ثم قال أبو سفيان: أما إنكم سوف تجدون في قتلاكم مثلى، ولم يكن ذاك عن رأي سراتنا، قال: ثم أدركته حمية الجاهلية، قال: فقال: أما إنه قد كان ذاك، لم يكرهه.