Azami 8716

Narrated by Abu Yaala (1534), Tabarani in Kabir (2/174), and Bayhaqi (11/9-12), all from the hadith of Mutamir bin Sulayman, from his father, from Hadrami, from Abu Sawwar, from Jundab bin Abdullah, who related it.Its chain of transmission is hasan because of Hadrami, who is Ibn Lahiq Tamimi Yamami, the storyteller, whose hadith is hasan. Haythami said in Majma (198/6), "Tabarani narrated it, and its narrators are trustworthy," but he failed to attribute it to Abu Yaala as well. The hadith has other chains of transmission, but they are all mursal. Bayhaqi mentioned some of them in his Dalail (3/20-17).His statement "sababa" means longing. Ibn Saad said, the raiding party of Abdullah bin Jahsh Asadi to Nakhla took place in Rajab, seventeen months after the migration of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He sent him with twelve men from the migrants, every two of them taking turns riding a single camel, to the valley of Nakhla, which was the garden of Ibn Amir near Makkah. He ordered him to watch for a caravan of Quraysh there (Tabaqat 2/10), meaning he did not order them to fight.The son of Hadrami whom they killed was Amr bin Hadrami, and his killing during the sacred month caused strife between the Muslims and the polytheists, for the polytheists accused the Muslims of treating the sacred month as permissible for fighting. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ withheld from accepting the caravan and the two captives. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Abdullah bin Jahsh and his companions, "I did not order you to fight during the sacred month." When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said this, the men were struck with dismay and thought they were ruined, and their fellow Muslims rebuked them for what they had done.Quraysh said, "Muhammad and his companions have treated the sacred month as permissible. They have shed blood in it, taken wealth in it, and taken men captive in it." Then Allah revealed to His Messenger ﷺ, "They ask you about the sacred month, about fighting therein" [Baqarah 2:217]. When the Quran was revealed with this ruling, and Allah relieved the Muslims of the distress they were in, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ accepted the caravan and the two captives.Quraysh sent to him seeking the ransom of Uthman bin Abdullah and Hakam bin Kaysan. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "We will not ransom them to you until our two companions arrive," meaning Saad bin Abu Waqqas and Utba bin Ghazwan, "for we fear for them at your hands. If you kill them, we will kill your two companions." Saad and Utba then arrived, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ransomed the two captives to them.As for Hakam bin Kaysan, he embraced Islam and his Islam was good, and he remained with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ until he was killed as a martyr on the day of Bir Mauna. As for Uthman bin Abdullah, he went to Makkah and died there as a disbeliever. Ibn Ishaq mentioned this. Sirat bin Hisham (1/602-605).It was narrated from Saad bin Abu Waqqas, who said, when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to Madinah, Juhayna came to him and said, "You have settled among us, so make a covenant with us so that we may come to you and you grant us safety." So he made a covenant with them, and they embraced Islam.He said, then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent us out in Rajab, and we numbered less than a hundred, and he ordered us to raid a clan of Banu Kinana living beside Juhayna. We raided them, but they were numerous, so we took refuge with Juhayna, who protected us. They said, "Why are you fighting during the sacred month?" We said, "We are only fighting those who drove us out of the sacred land, during the sacred month."Some of us said to others, "What do you think we should do?" Some of us said, "Let us go to the Prophet of Allah ﷺ and inform him." Others said, "No, rather let us stay here." I said, along with some men with me, "No, rather let us go after the caravan of Quraysh and seize it." So we set off toward the caravan, while our companions went to the Prophet ﷺ and informed him of what had happened. At that time, the rule for booty was that whoever took something, it was his.He stood up angry, his face flushed red, and said, "You all left my presence together, yet you have come back divided. It was only division that destroyed those who came before you. I will certainly appoint over you a man who is not the best among you, but who is the most patient among you in enduring hunger and thirst." So he appointed Abdullah bin Jahsh Asadi over us, and he was the first commander ever appointed in Islam.Narrated by Ibn Abu Shayba (37806), and Abdullah bin Ahmad (1539), among what he found written in his father's own hand in his book, and among what he added beyond his father's narration, and Bazzar (Kashf Astar 1757), all through various routes from Mujalid bin Saeed, from Ziyad bin Alaqa, from Saad bin Abu Waqqas, who related it. Bazzar confined himself to the final part of the hadith, which is his statement, "the first commander ever appointed..."Its chain of transmission is daif. Mujalid bin Saeed is daif, and Ziyad bin Alaqa did not hear directly from Saad bin Abu Waqqas.In the second year after the migration, on the twelfth day of the month of Ramadan, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ set out with his companions to intercept a trading caravan coming from Syria, led by Abu Sufyan, guarded by forty men. The Battle of Badr took place on Friday morning, the seventeenth of Ramadan.