A man from Himyar killed an enemy combatant and wanted to take his belongings as spoils, but Khalid bin Walid, who was the commander over them, prevented him from doing so. Awf bin Malik went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and informed him of what had happened.The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Khalid, "What stopped you from giving him his spoils?"Khalid replied, "I thought it was too much for him, Messenger of Allah."The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Hand it over to him."Khalid then passed by Awf, who pulled at his cloak and said, "Did I not fulfill for you what I told you I would do with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ?"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ heard this and became angry. He said, "Do not give it to him, Khalid! Do not give it to him, Khalid! Will you not leave my commanders alone for me? Your example and theirs is like a man entrusted with camels or sheep to pasture. He grazed them, then waited for the time to water them and brought them to a trough. They went into it and drank the clear water, leaving the murky behind. So the clear is yours, and the murky is upon them."
قتل رجل من حمير رجلا من العدو، فأراد سلبه، فمنعه خالد بن الوليد، وكان واليا عليهم، فأتى رسول ﷺ عوف بن مالك فأخبره فقال لخالد: ما منعك أن تعطيه سلبه؟ قال: استكثرته يا رسول الله! قال ادفعه إليه فمر خالد بعوف، فجر بردائه، ثم قال: هل أنجزت لك ما ذكرت لك من رسول الله ﷺ فسمعه رسول الله ﷺ، فاستغضب فقال: لا تعطه يا خالد! لا تعطه يا خالد! هل أنتم تاركون لي أمرائي، إنما مثلكم ومثلهم كمثل رجل استرعي إبلا أو غنما فرعاها ثم تحين سقيها، فأوردها حوضا فشرعت فيه، فشربت صفوه، وتركت كدره، فصفوه لكم، وكدره عليهم.
Muslim narrated it in the Book of Jihad and Military Expeditions (1753: 43), from Abu Tahir Ahmad bin Amr bin Sarh, who said, Abdullah bin Wahb told us, Muawiya bin Salih told me, from Abdul-Rahman bin Jubayr, from his father, from Awf bin Malik, who said, and then he related it.His saying, "Do not give it to him, Khalid," indicates that the slain enemy's spoils are not automatically due to the one who killed him by the mere act of killing, but rather by the judgment and command of the leader.