Regarding the ila to which Allah referred, no one is permitted, after the term has expired, to do anything except either retain his wife in kindness or resolve upon divorce, as Allah has commanded .
في الإيلاء الذي سمى الله: لا يحل لأحد بعد الأجل إلا أن يمسك بالمعروف، أو يعزم الطلاق كما أمر الله عز وجل.
Bukhari reported it in the Book of Divorce (5290) from Qutayba, who said, Layth narrated to us, from Nafi, that Ibn Umar used to say, and it is also related from him that he said, "When four months have passed, he is made to stop until he divorces, and the divorce does not take effect on him until he divorces."Bukhari also reported it (5291) and said, "This is also mentioned from Uthman, Ali, Abu Darda, Ayesha, and twelve men among the companions of the Prophet ﷺ." That is, when four months have passed, he is made to stop, and he must either return to her, meaning have intercourse with her, or divorce her.This is the view held by the majority of the scholars, among them Malik, Shafii, Ahmad, Ishaq, and others. Thawri and the people of Kufa said, "When four months have passed, it becomes an irrevocable divorce."Ilaa (the vow of abstention) means an oath, its plural being alaya, and it consists of a man swearing not to approach his wife for a month or more. Allah set the maximum period at four months, and within this period he must either withdraw from his oath and make atonement, or divorce. He is not permitted to leave the woman in suspense, neither having intercourse with her nor divorcing her. If he refuses both options, the judge divorces on his behalf, or annuls the marriage.