Azami 4267

Muslim narrated it in the chapter on the virtues of the companions (2408) through several routes from Ismail bin Ibrahim, known as Ibn Ulaya, who said, "Abu Hayan narrated to me, Yazid bin Hayan narrated to me," and then he related it. He also narrated it through another route from Hassan bin Ibrahim, from Saeed bin Masruq, from Yazid bin Hayan, from Zayd bin Arqam, and in it we find, "Take note, I am leaving among you two weighty things, one of them is the Book of Allah . It is the rope of Allah, whoever follows it will be upon guidance, and whoever abandons it will be upon misguidance."It also states, we said, "Are his wives among the people of his household?" He said, "No. By Allah, a woman may stay with a man for a period of time, then he divorces her, and she returns to her father and her people. The people of his household are his lineage and his kinsmen, those who were forbidden from receiving charity after him."By his saying, "the family of Ali, the family of Aqeel, the family of Jafar, and the family of Abbas," he meant the descendants of Abdul-Muttalib bin Hashim bin Abd Manaf. Abdul-Muttalib's name was Shayba, and he was called Abdul-Muttalib because he spent so much time with his uncle Muttalib. So the lineage of the Prophet ﷺ is, Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Shayba bin Hashim bin Abd Manaf. Abd Manaf had four sons, Hashim, Muttalib, Abd Shams, and Nawfal.The scholars agreed that charity is forbidden to the descendants of Banu Hashim, just as they agreed that it is permissible for Banu Abd Shams and Banu Nawfal, the two sons of Abd Manaf. They disagreed, however, about Banu Muttalib bin Abd Manaf. Abu Hanifa held that charity is permissible for them, Shafii held that it is forbidden to them, and from Ahmad there are two reports.Shafii's evidence is perhaps the hadith of Jubayr bin Mutim (bin Adi bin Nawfal bin Abd Manaf), found in Sahih Bukhari (3140). He said, "Uthman bin Affan (bin Abu As bin Umaya bin Abd Shams bin Abd Manaf) and I walked to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and we said, 'Messenger of Allah, you gave to Banu Muttalib and left us out, though we and they are equal to you in standing.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Banu Muttalib and Banu Hashim are but one thing.'" This is a reference to the pact made by Quraysh and Kinana to boycott Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib, agreeing not to intermarry with them nor to trade with them, until they handed the Prophet ﷺ over to them, as mentioned in the Sahihayn, Bukhari (1590) and Muslim (1314).Here is the genealogical tree of Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib.Abd Manaf's sons were Hashim, Muttalib, Abd Shams, and Nawfal.Hashim's son was Shayba, also called Abdul-Muttalib because he spent so much time with his uncle Muttalib. Shayba's sons were Abdullah, Abu Talib, Abbas, and Hamza.Abdullah's son was Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.Abu Talib's sons were Ali, Aqeel, Jafar, and others.Abbas's sons were Abdullah, Fadl, Qutham, Kathir, and others.Hamza's sons were Yaala and Umara, and others, but all of Yaala's children died, so no descendants remained for Hamza. This is why the Prophet ﷺ did not mention Hamza or his descendants among those to whom charity is forbidden.Muttalib's descendants include Ubayda, Husayn, and Tufayl, the sons of Harith bin Muttalib, who were among those who embraced Islam and took part in the Battle of Badr.Abd Shams's descendants include Uthman bin Affan bin Abu As bin Umaya bin Abd Shams.Nawfal's descendants include Jubayr bin Mutim bin Adi bin Nawfal.They also disagreed about voluntary charity, but the correct view is that it too was forbidden to the Prophet ﷺ, because avoiding it was one of the signs and proofs of his prophethood, as mentioned in the hadith about the conversion of Salman Farsi , in which the Prophet told him that he eats gifts but does not eat charity. This applies generally to both types of charity, the obligatory and the voluntary. His family, however, are lower than him in rank, so only the obligatory charity was forbidden to them, not the voluntary.It has been narrated from Jafar bin Muhammad, from his father, that he used to drink from the water troughs between Makkah and Madinah. He was asked, "Do you drink from charity?" He said, "Only the obligatory charity has been forbidden to us." Baghawi mentioned this in Sharh al-Sunnah (6/103), but its chain includes Ibrahim bin Muhammad narrating from Jafar bin Muhammad, and Bayhaqi transmitted it through this same route (6/183). Ibrahim bin Muhammad is a discarded narrator.Some rigorous scholars have permitted them to take charity of both kinds if they are deprived of the share of the near relatives due to the absence of jihad. For more, see Minna Kubra (3/260).