Azami 4185

Bukhari narrated it in "Nikah" (5360), and Muslim in "Zakat" (1026), both through Abdul-Razzaq, from Maamar, from Hammam bin Munabbih, from Abu Hurairah, who mentioned the hadith.His statement, "without his explicit command," refers to explicit permission, and this does not rule out a general permission granted to her within the customary amount. That is why Nawawi said, "Know that all of this is premised on a small amount, one whose owner's consent to it is known by custom. If it exceeds that, it is not permissible."I say, this kind of spending is usually in food, as Abu Hurairah himself indicated. Abu Dawud narrated (1688) from Muhammad bin Sawwar Misri, Abdah told us, from Abdul-Malik, from Ataa, from Abu Hurairah, regarding a woman who gives charity from her husband's house, he said, "No, except from her own provisions, and the reward is shared between them both. It is not permissible for her to give charity from her husband's wealth except with his permission."Abu Dawud said, "This weakens the hadith of Hammam." End quote. That is, it weakens the interpretation that generalizes it, for what is valid to give away as a gift is food alone, because it spoils quickly. This applies to fresh food. As for dry food, the hadith of Umamah applies to it.As for what Hakim narrated (4/134-135) through Suwayd bin Abdul-Aziz, Muhammad bin Ajlan told us, from Saeed bin Abu Saeed Maqburi, from Abu Hurairah, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Allah will admit three people to Paradise for the sake of a morsel of bread, a handful of dates, or the like of what benefits the Muslims, namely the one who commands it, the righteous wife, and the servant who delivers it to the needy." And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Praise be to Allah who did not forget our servants," this is daif.Hakim said, "This is a hadith that is sahih according to the criterion of Muslim." Dhahabi critiqued him, saying, "Suwayd is discarded."I say, Hakim erred, for Suwayd bin Abdul-Aziz, who is Nuayr Sulami, their client, the Damascene, is not among the narrators of Muslim. Rather, Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah narrated from him. The majority of scholars declared him daif, and they listed him among the daif narrators, except that Ibn Hibban's statements about him were contradictory. He said once, "He made many mistakes, his errors were egregious, to the point that among his inverted reports there would appear things that would make anyone hearing them imagine they had been fabricated deliberately."Then he said, "What I think regarding Suwayd bin Abdul-Aziz is that one should avoid whatever of his hadith contradicts the reliable narrators, consider what he narrated that does not contradict the most reliable narrators, and use as evidence whatever agrees with the reliable narrators. He is among those for whom I seek Allah's guidance, because he is close to being reliable." End quote. Majruhin (448).I say, the conclusion regarding him is that he is very daif at the very least. Imam Ahmad said, "He is discarded." Ibn Main said, "His hadith is worth nothing." Nasai and others declared him daif.Moreover, we have found no one else who narrated this hadith from Muhammad bin Ajlan, from Abu Hurairah, other than him.