An old man from the tribe of Banu Tamim sat down beside me in the mosque of Basra, holding a document in his hand. This was during the time of Hajjaj. He said to me, "Servant of Allah, do you think this document will be of any use to me with this ruler?"I asked, "What is this document?"He replied, "This is a document from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, which he wrote for us stating that no injustice should be done to us regarding our charity payments."I said, "By Allah, I do not think it will be of any use to you. But what is the story behind this document?"He said, "I came to Madinah with my father when I was a young lad, bringing some camels of ours to sell. My father was a friend of Talha bin Ubaydullah al-Taymi, so we stayed with him. My father said to him, 'Come out with me and help me sell these camels of mine.'Talha replied, 'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ has forbidden a town-dweller from selling on behalf of a desert-dweller. But I will go out with you and sit nearby while you display your camels. When I see someone bargaining with you whom I know to be honest and trustworthy, I will tell you to sell to him.'So we went out to the market. We made our camels stand, and Talha sat nearby. Some men bargained with us, and when one man offered us a price we were satisfied with, my father asked Talha, 'Shall I sell to him?'He said, 'Yes, I am satisfied with his trustworthiness for you, so sell to him.'So we sold to him. Once we had received our money and finished our business, my father said to Talha, 'Get us a document from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stating that no injustice should be done to us regarding our charity payments.'Talha said, 'This is the right of every Muslim.'My father replied, 'Even so, I would like to have a document from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in my possession.'So Talha went out and brought us to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He said, 'Messenger of Allah, this man is from the desert people and a friend of ours. He would like you to write him a document stating that no injustice should be done to him regarding his charity payment.'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'This is his right and the right of every Muslim.'My father said, 'Messenger of Allah, I would still like to have a document from you to that effect.'So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ wrote this document for us."
جلس إلي شيخ من بني تميم في مسجد البصرة ومعه صحيفة له في يده- قال: وفي زمان الحجاج- فقال لي: يا عبد الله أترى هذا الكتاب مغنبا عني شيئا عند هذا السلطان؟ قال: فقلت وما هذا الكتاب؟ قال: هذا كتاب من رسول الله ﷺ كتبه لنا أن لا يتعدى علينا في صدقاتنا. قال: فقلت لا والله ما أظن أن يغني عنك شيئا وكيف كان شأن هذا الكتاب؟ قال: قدمت المدينة مع أبي وأنا غلام شاب بإيل لنا نبيعها وكان أبي صديقا لطلحة بن عبيد الله التيمي فنزلنا عليه فقال له أبي اخرج معي فبع لي إبلي هذه قال فقال إن رسول الله ﷺ قد نهي أن يبيع حاضر لباد ولكن سأخرج معك فأجلس وتعرض إبلك، فإذا رضيت من رجل وفاء وصدقا ممن ساومك أمرتك ببيعه. قال فخرجنا إلى السوق فوقفنا ظهرنا وجلس طلحة قريبا فساومنا الرجال حتى إذا أعطانا رجل ما نرضى قال له أبي أبايعه؟ قال: نعم رضيت لكم وفاءه فبايعوه فبايعناه، فلما قبضنا ما لنا وفرغنا من حاجتنا قال أبي لطلحة: خذ لنا من رسول الله ﷺ كتابا أن لا يتعدى علينا في صدقاتنا. قال: فقال هذا لكم ولكل مسلم. قال: على ذلك إني أحب أن يكون عندي من رسول الله ﷺ كتاب فخرج حتى جاء بنا إلى رسول الله ﷺ، فقال يا رسول الله، إن هذا الرجل من أهل البادية صديق لنا وقد أحب أن تكتب له كتابا لا يتعدى عليه في صدقته. فقال رسول الله ﷺ: هذا له ولكل مسلم. قال: يا رسول الله إني قد أحب أن يكون عندي منك كتاب على ذلك قال: فكتب لنا رسول الله ﷺ هذا الكتاب.
Imam Ahmad (1404) and Abu Yaala (644) both narrated it, via Muhammad bin Ishaq, who said, Salim Abu Nadr narrated to us, saying, "An elderly man from Banu Tamim sat with me" (then he mentioned it). The wording given is Ahmad's, and Abu Yaala added at the end of the hadith, "I said, 'I do not think so, by Allah.'" Its isnad is hasan because of Muhammad bin Ishaq, for when he states his sources explicitly his hadith becomes hasan, and this Salim Abu Nadr, the Madinan, is trustworthy and one of the narrators found in the six major collections.Abu Yaala (643) also narrated it through another route, from Hammad bin Salama, from Muhammad bin Ishaq, from Salim al-Makki, that a bedouin said (then he mentioned some of the hadiths). This is an error on the part of Hammad bin Salama, for this Salim is not a Makkan as he claimed, but rather a Madinan as mentioned before, and the narration contains an unnamed companion, though the anonymity of a companion does not weaken a hadith, as is well known.Some parts of the hadith have corroborating narrations in the Sunan collections, which will be mentioned in their proper places. Haythami mentioned it in al-Majma (3/83) and attributed it to Ahmad and Abu Yaala, saying, "Its narrators are the narrators of the sahih."