Azami 2528

Ibn Majah (949) narrated it from Abu Bakr bin Khallad Bahili, who said, Yahya bin Saeed narrated to us, who said, Shuba narrated to us, who said, Qatada narrated to us, Jabir (Ibn Zayd) narrated to us, from Ibn Abbas, and he related it. Imam Ahmad (3241) narrated it from Yahya bin Saeed. Abu Dawud (703) narrated it from Musaddad, and Nasai (752) from Amr bin Ali, both of them from Yahya bin Saeed through this same chain, and Nasai coupled Hisham together with Shuba. Then he said, Yahya said, "Shuba raised it to the level of a marfu report." Abu Dawud found fault with it, saying, "Saeed, Hisham, and Hammam stopped it at Qatada, from Jabir, from Ibn Abbas, without raising it to the Prophet." The scholars gave preference to Shuba's version because of the additional knowledge it contains, and Shuba is a reliable authority of exacting memory, so his addition is accepted, as is well known among the scholars of hadith. For this reason Ibn Khuzayma (832) and Ibn Hibban (2387) included it in their two Sahihs. Ibn Abu Hatim relayed from his father, "It is sahih in my view," saying this in response to what Yahya bin Saeed had mentioned when he said, "I fear it may be a mistake." Ilal (1/210).The hadith of Ibn Abbas has another chain of transmission, which is what Abu Dawud (704) narrated from Muhammad bin Ismail Basri, Muaz narrated to us, Hisham narrated to us, from Yahya, from Ikrima, from Ibn Abbas, who said, I think it was from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, who said, "When one of you prays without a barrier in front of him, then his prayer is cut off by the dog, the donkey, the pig, the Jew, the Zoroastrian, and the woman. But it suffices him if they pass in front of him at the distance of a stone's throw."Abu Dawud said, "I have some reservation about this hadith. I used to discuss it with Ibrahim and others, but I never found anyone else who transmitted it from Hisham, nor does he know it. I never found anyone who transmitted it from Hisham, and I think the mistake comes from Ibn Abu Sumayna, meaning Muhammad bin Ismail Basri, the freedman of Banu Hashim. What is objectionable in it is the mention of the Zoroastrian, and the phrase 'at the distance of a stone's throw,' and the mention of the pig, all of which contain objectionable elements. Abu Dawud said, I did not hear this hadith except from Muhammad bin Ismail bin Abu Sumayna, and I think he made a mistake, because he used to narrate to us from memory." End of quote.I say, Muhammad bin Ismail bin Abu Sumayna is trustworthy, one of the men found in the Sahih. Rather, the defect in this hadith is the narrator's uncertainty about whether it is marfu, along with the objectionable elements in some of its wording, and the fact that Yahya, who is Ibn Abu Kathir, narrated it using the ambiguous form "from," since he is known to conceal defects in transmission.