A man stood and prayed the two rakats of Fajr. In the first rakat he recited "Say, you disbelievers" [Kafirun 109:1] until he completed the surah, and the Prophet ﷺ said, "This is a servant who knows his Lord." Then in the second he recited "Say, He is Allah, the One" [Ikhlas 112:1] until he completed the surah, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "This is a servant who believes in his Lord."Talha then said, "So I love to recite these two surahs in these two rakats."
أن رجلا قام فركع ركعتي الفجر، فقرأ في الركعة الأولى: {قل يايها الكفرون} حتى انقضت السورة، فقال النبي ﷺ: هذا عبد عرف ربه وقرأ في الآخرة: {قل هو الله أحد} حتى انقضت السورة، فقال رسول الله ﷺ: هذا عبد آمن بربه. فقال طلحة: فأنا أستحب أن أقرأ بهاتين السورتين في هاتين الركعتين.
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Ibn Hibban narrated it (2460), saying, Ahmad bin Hasan bin Abdul-Jabbar Sufi told us in Baghdad, Yahya bin Main told us, Yahya bin Abdullah bin Yazid bin Abdullah bin Unays Ansari told us, he said, I heard Talha bin Kharash narrating from Jabir bin Abdullah, and he mentioned the hadith.Tahawi also narrated it in his commentary (1/298) from Muhammad bin Ibrahim Baghdadi, from Yahya bin Main, in the same manner. Its chain is hasan, for Yahya bin Abdullah bin Yazid and his teacher Talha bin Kharash are both "truthful."On this subject there is also what was narrated from Ibn Masud, which Tirmidhi and others reported, but it contains Abdul-Malik bin Walid bin Madan, who is daif. Likewise, what was narrated from Ayesha on this subject is not sound either.