A man prayed while the Prophet ﷺ was watching him. When he finished his prayer, the Prophet ﷺ said, "Go back and pray, for you have not prayed."The man stood up and prayed again, but when he finished, the Prophet ﷺ said three times, "Go back and pray."The man swore to him, "How? I tried my best."So the Prophet ﷺ said to him, "Begin by saying the takbir, then praise Allah, then recite the Mother of the Quran, then bow..." and he mentioned the rest of the hadith.
صلى رجل، والنبي ﷺ ينظر إليه. فلما قضى صلاته، قال: ارجع فصل فإنك لم تصل ثلاثا. فقام الرجل، فلما قضى صلاته. قال النبي ﷺ: ارجع فصل ثلاثا. قال: فحلف له كيف؟ اجتهدت كذا فقال له: ابدأ، فكبر وتحمد الله وتقرأ بأم القرآن، ثم تركع… فذكر الحديث.
No references are available.
Bukhari reported it in Juz Qira (100), from Yahya bin Bukayr, who said, Abdullah bin Suwayd narrated to us, from Ayyash bin Bukayr bin Abdullah, from Ali bin Yahya, from Abu Saaib, from a man among the companions of the Prophet ﷺ, and he related it. Its isnad is sahih, and Yahya bin Bukayr is Yahya bin Abdullah bin Bukayr Misri, who is sometimes attributed to his grandfather.The hadith about the man who prayed poorly has its origin in the Sahihayn from Abu Hurairah, but with the wording, "When you stand for prayer, say the takbir, then recite whatever of the Quran comes easily to you, then bow..." without mentioning Surah Fatihah. Some scholars have said that his statement, "then recite whatever of the Quran comes easily to you," means after the Fatihah, so it seems the narrator abridged the hadith and did not mention the Fatihah because of how well known it was. Its mention does occur in the hadith of Abu Hurairah as recorded by Bayhaqi (2/373), but by way of Abdullah bin Umar Umari, who is daif with respect to his memory, so he contradicted the reliable narrators, who do not mention it.