Azami 1934

Bukhari narrated it in the Book of Adhan (826) and Muslim in the Book of Prayer (393), both by way of Hammad bin Zayd, who said, "Ghaylan bin Jareer narrated to us, from Mutarrif," and he mentioned something similar. Bukhari also narrated it through another route, from Abu Ala Yazid bin Abdullah bin Shikhir, brother of Mutarrif, from Mutarrif, from Imran bin Husayn, who said, "I prayed with Ali in Basra, and he said, 'This man has reminded us of a prayer we used to perform with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.'" He then mentioned that Ali would say the takbir every time he rose and every time he lowered himself (784).Hafiz said in Fath al-Bari, "Ahmad has a narration through another route from Mutarrif, who said, 'We asked' meaning Imran bin Husayn, 'O Abu Nujayd, who was the first to abandon the takbir?' He said, 'Uthman bin Affan, when he grew old and his voice weakened.' This could mean he abandoned saying it aloud. Tabarani narrated from Abu Hurairah that the first to abandon the takbir was Muawiya, and Abu Ubayd narrated that the first to abandon it was Ziyad, and this does not contradict the previous report, because Ziyad abandoned it following Muawiya's abandonment, and it seems Muawiya abandoned it following Uthman's abandonment. A group of scholars have interpreted this as referring to lowering the voice."He then said, "Tahawi related that some people used to omit the takbir when going down but not when rising. He said, 'The Umayyads used to do the same.' Ibn Munzir narrated something similar from Ibn Umar, and it is reported of some of the early generations that they would say the takbir only for the takbir of ihram. Some scholars distinguished between someone praying alone and someone praying with others, reasoning that the takbir was legislated to announce the imam's movements, so someone praying alone would have no need for it. However, the matter came to rest on the recommendation of the takbir when going down and rising, for every worshiper. The majority hold that all of it besides the takbir of ihram is recommended, while it is reported from Ahmad and some literalist scholars that all of it is obligatory." End of quotation.Regarding the author's statement, "It is reported from Ahmad and some literalist scholars that all of it is obligatory," the eminent scholar Ibn Baz, may Allah have mercy on him, commented, "This view is stronger in terms of evidence, because the Messenger of Allah ﷺ maintained this practice consistently and commanded it, and the basic principle is that a command implies obligation. He ﷺ said, 'Pray as you have seen me pray.' As for what is reported from Uthman and Muawiya regarding not completing the takbir, it should be understood as referring to not saying it aloud, not that they actually abandoned it, giving them the benefit of the doubt. And even granting that the abandonment did occur on their part, the evidence takes precedence over their view , and over the views of all the rest of the companions collectively." End of quotation.