Miqdad bin Amr al-Kindi, who was an ally of the tribe of Zuhrah and one of those who fought at Badr alongside the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, reported that he said to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, "Tell me, if I encounter a disbeliever in battle and we fight, and he strikes one of my hands with his sword and cuts it off, then takes refuge from me behind a tree and says, 'I submit to Allah,' should I kill him, Messenger of Allah, after he has said that?"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied, "Do not kill him."He said, "Messenger of Allah, but he cut off one of my hands, and only said it after cutting it off."The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do not kill him. If you kill him, he will be in the position you were in before you killed him, and you will be in the position he was in before he spoke the words he spoke."
أخبره، أن المقداد بن عمرو الكندي-وكان حليفا لبني زهرة، وكان ممن شهد بدرا مع رسول الله ﷺ، أخبره أنه قال الرسول الله ﷺ: له أرأيت إن لقيت رجلا من الكفار فاقتتلنا فضرب إحدى يدي بالسيف فقطعها، ثم لاذ مني بشجرة فقال: أسلمت الله، أأقتله يا رسول الله بعد أن قالها؟ فقال رسول الله ﷺ: لا تقتله. فقال يا رسول الله، إنه قطع إحدى يدي، ثم قال ذلك بعدما قطعها؟ فقال رسول الله ﷺ: لا تقتله، فإن قتلته فإنه بمنزلتك قبل أن تقتله، وإنك بمنزلته قبل أن يقول كلمته التي قال.
Bukhari narrated it in the book of military expeditions (4019), and Muslim in the book of faith (95), from the hadith of Ibn Shihab Zuhri, from Ata bin Yazid, from Ubaydullah bin Adi bin Khiyar, with the same chain, and he related it.