Two men sneezed in the presence of the Prophet ﷺ, one of higher status than the other. The man of higher status sneezed but did not praise Allah, and the Prophet ﷺ did not bless him. The other man sneezed and praised Allah, and the Prophet ﷺ blessed him.The man of higher status said, "I sneezed in your presence and you did not bless me, but this man sneezed in your presence and you blessed him."The Prophet ﷺ replied, "This man remembered Allah, so I remembered him. You forgot Allah, so I forgot you."
عطس رجلان عند النبي ﷺ، أحدهما أشرف من الآخر، فعطس الشريف، فلم يحمد الله، فلم يشمته النبي ﷺ، وعطس الآخر، فحمد الله، فشمته النبي ﷺ، قال: فقال الشريف: عطست عندك، فلم تشمتني، وعطس هذا عندك، فشمته، قال: فقال: إن هذا ذكر الله فذكرته، وإنك نسيت الله فنسيتك.
Ahmad (8346) and Bukhari in Adab al-Mufrad (932) both narrated it from the hadith of Rubai bin Ibrahim, who is the brother of Ibn Ulaya, [who said], "Abdul-Rahman bin Ishaq narrated to us, from Saeed bin Abu Saeed, from Abu Hurairah," and he mentioned it.Its chain of transmission is hasan because of Abdul-Rahman bin Ishaq, who is the one from Madinah, for his hadith is hasan.