Awf bin Malik reported,

The Prophet ﷺ set out and I was with him until we entered a Jewish synagogue in Medina on the day of their festival. They were displeased at our coming in upon them, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to them, "Company of Jews, show me twelve men who will bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that I am the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and Allah will lift from every Jew under the canopy of heaven the wrath that He has visited upon him."They held back, and not one of them answered him. Then he repeated it to them, and no one answered. Then he said it a third time, and still no one answered.He said, "You refuse. By Allah, I am indeed the Gatherer, I am the Successor, I am the Final One, whether you believe or deny."Then he turned to leave, and I was with him, until he was about to go out, when suddenly a man behind us called, "Stay as you are, Muhammad!"Then that man said, "What kind of man do you know me to be among you, company of Jews?"They replied, "We do not know that there was ever among us a man more knowledgeable of the Book of Allah, nor more learned than you, nor than your father before you, nor than your grandfather before your father."He said, "Then I bear witness before Allah that he is the Prophet of Allah whom you find described in the Torah."They said, "You have lied," then they turned on him and spoke ill of him.The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "You have lied. Your words will not be accepted. Just now you were praising him with the praise you gave, but when he believed, you called him a liar and said what you said. Your words will not be accepted."So we went out, the three of us, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, myself, and Abdullah bin Salam. And Allah revealed concerning him, "Say, 'Have you considered, if it is from Allah and you disbelieve in it while a witness from the Children of Israil has testified to something similar and believed, while you were arrogant? Indeed, Allah does not guide the wrongdoing people.'" [Ahqaf 46:10].

عن عوف بن مالك الأشجعي قال

انطلق النبي ﷺ وأنا معه حتى دخلنا كنيسة اليهود بالمدينة يوم عيدهم، وكرهوا دخولنا عليهم فقال لهم رسول الله ﷺ: يا معشر اليهود! أروني اثني عشر رجلا يشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وأني رسول الله ﷺ، يحبط الله عن كل يهودي تحت أديم السماء الغضب الذي غضب عليه، قال: فأمسكوا وما أجابه منهم أحد، ثم رد عليهم فلم يجبه أحد، ثم ثلث فلم يجبه أحد، فقال: أبيتم، فوالله إني لأنا الحاشر، وأنا العاقب، وأنا المقفى، آمنتم أو كذبتم ثم انصرف وأنا معه حتى دنا أن يخرج، فإذا رجل من خلفنا يقول: كما أنت يا محمد! قال: فقال ذلك الرجل: أي رجل تعلموني فيكم يا معشر اليهود؟ قالوا ما نعلم أنه كان فينا رجل أعلم بكتاب الله ولا أفقه منك ولا من أبيك من قبلك، ولا من جدك قبل أبيك، قال: فإني أشهد له بالله أنه نبي الله الذي تجدونه في التوراة، قالوا كذبت ثم ردوا عليه وقالوا له، شرا، فقال رسول الله ﷺ: كذبتم، لن يقبل قولكم، أما آنفا فتثنون عليه من الخير ما أثنيتم، وأما إذا آمن كذبتموه، وقلتم ما قلتم فلن يقبل قولكم، قال: فخرجنا ونحن ثلاثة: رسول الله ﷺ، وأنا، وعبد الله بن سلام، فأنزل الله فيه: {قل أرأيتم إن كان من عند الله وكفرتم به وشهد شاهد من بني إسرائيل على مثله فآمن واستكبرتم إن الله لا يهدي القوم الظالمين}.