They were a group of the Prophet's ﷺ companions who said, "Let us cut off our private parts, abandon the desires of this world, and roam the earth as monks do."News of this reached the Prophet ﷺ, so he sent for them and asked them about it.They said, "Yes, that is what we said."The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied, "But I fast and I break my fast, I pray and I sleep, and I marry women. Whoever follows my way is of me, and whoever does not follow my way is not of me."
في قوله تعالى: {يأيها الذين ءامنوا لا تحرموا طيبات ما أحل الله لكم}
هم رهط من أصحاب النبي ﷺ، قالوا: نقطع مذاكيرنا، ونترك شهوات الدنيا، ونسيح في الأرض كما تفعل الرهبان، فبلغ ذلك النبي ﷺ، فأرسل إليهم، فذكر ذلك لهم فقالوا: نعم، فقال رسول الله ﷺ: لكني أصوم وأفطر، وأصلي وأنام، وأنكح النساء، فمن أخذ بسنتي فهو مني، ومن لم يأخذ بسنتي فليس مني.
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Ibn Jareer Tabari narrated it in his Tafsir (8/611) from Muthanna, who said, Abdullah bin Salih told us, who said, Muawiya bin Salih told me, from Ali bin Abu Talha, from Ibn Abbas, who mentioned it. Ibn Abu Hatim narrated it in his Tafsir (5/1187) from his father, who said, Abu Salih the scribe of Layth (who is Abdullah bin Salih) told us, with the same wording. Its chain is hasan because of Abdullah bin Salih, for there is disagreement about him, though his hadith is hasan when it has a supporting basis.As for what is reported from Abdullah bin Abbas, that a man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah, when I eat meat I become aroused for women, and my desire overtakes me, so I have forbidden meat for myself." Then Allah revealed "O you who believe, do not forbid the good things that Allah has made lawful for you, and do not transgress. Indeed, Allah does not love the transgressors" [Maidah 5:87], this is daif. Tirmidhi narrated it (3054), and Ibn Abu Hatim in his Tafsir (4/1184), and Ibn Jareer Tabari in his Tafsir (8/613), all of them through the hadith of Uthman bin Saad, from Ikrima, from Ibn Abbas, who mentioned it.Tirmidhi said, "This is a hasan gharib hadith, and some of them reported it from Uthman bin Saad as a mursal narration, without 'from Ibn Abbas.' Khalid Haddan narrated it from Ikrima as a mursal narration." End of quote.I say, apart from its being mursal and being a stopped narration, Uthman bin Saad the scribe, Abu Bakr Basri, is daif according to the majority of scholars, even though Ibn Adi held a favorable opinion of him and said, "His hadith is hasan." But the correct view is that of the majority, and Hafiz said in Taqrib, "Daif."I say, this is as he said, for Ibn Jareer Tabari narrated it through several routes from Khalid Haddan, from Ikrima, who said, "There were some people among the companions of the Prophet ﷺ who intended to have themselves castrated, and to give up meat and women, so this verse was revealed," "O you who believe, do not forbid the good things that Allah has made lawful for you, and do not transgress. Indeed, Allah does not love the transgressors" [Maidah 5:87]. This is more sahih, for Khalid Haddan is among the trustworthy and precise narrators, unlike Uthman bin Saeed, who is daif.Masruq said, "Abdullah was brought an udder, and he said to the people, 'Come close,' so they began to eat from it. There was a man among them off to one side, and Abdullah said, 'Come close,' but he said, 'I do not want it.' He said, 'Why not?' He said, 'Because I have forbidden the udder for myself.' Abdullah said, 'This is one of the steps of Satan.' Then he recited the words of Allah, "O you who believe, do not forbid the good things that Allah has made lawful for you, and do not transgress. Indeed, Allah does not love the transgressors" [Maidah 5:87]. 'Come close and eat, and make atonement for your oath, for this is one of the steps of Satan.'"Hakim narrated it (2/313-314) through the route of Mansur, from Abu Duha, from Masruq, and said, "Sahih according to the standard of the two Shaykhs."Imam Ahmad and others held the view that whoever forbids for himself a food, a drink, or anything at all, must make atonement for an oath because of it, based on the general meaning of Allah's words in the verse that follows, "Allah will not hold you accountable for what is unintentional in your oaths..." [Maidah 5:89], and based on the report from Ibn Masud and others.Shafii and others held the view that whoever forbids for himself a food, a garment, or anything other than women, it does not become forbidden to him, and no atonement is due either, because when a man forbade meat for himself, the Prophet ﷺ did not command him to make atonement.I say, perhaps that was simply not transmitted, since the atonement for an oath is well known in the Book of Allah and the sunnah of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.