When the prohibition of wine was being revealed, Umar prayed, "Allah, give us a clear and decisive statement about wine."Then the verse in Baqarah was revealed, "They ask you about wine and gambling. Say, in both there is great sin" [Baqarah 2:219].Umar was called and the verse was recited to him. He said, "Allah, give us a clear and decisive statement about wine."Then the verse in Nisa was revealed, "You who believe, do not approach the prayer while you are intoxicated" [Nisa 4:43]. So whenever the prayer was called, the announcer of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would call out, "Let no one who is drunk come near the prayer."Umar was called and the verse was recited to him. He said, "Allah, give us a clear and decisive statement about wine."Then this verse was revealed, "So will you not then desist?" [Surah Maidah 5:91].Umar said, "We have desisted."
لما نزل تحريم الخمر قال عمر: اللهم بين لنا في الخمر بيانا شفاء، فنزلت الآية التي في البقرة: {يسألونك عن الخمر والميسر قل فيهما إثم كبير} [البقرة: ٢١٩] الآية، قال: فدعي عمر، فقرئت عليهن قال: اللهم بين لنا في الخمر بيانا شفاء، فنزلت الآية التي في النساء: {يأيها الذين ءامنوا لا تقربوا الصلوة وأنتم سكرى} [النساء: ٤٣] فكان منادي رسول الله ﷺ إذا أقيمت الصلاة ينادي: ألا لا يقربن الصلاة سكران، فدعي عمر، فقرئت عليه، فقال: اللهم بين لنا في الخمر بيانا شفاء، فنزلت هذه الآية: {فهل أنتم منتهون} [سورة المائدة: ٩١] قال عمر: انتهينا.
Abu Dawud (3669), Tirmidhi (3039), Nasai (5540), and Ahmad (378) narrated it. Hakim graded it sahih (4/143). All of them narrated it through various routes from Israil, from Abu Ishaq, from Abu Maysara, from Umar bin Khattab, and he mentioned it. Its chain of transmission is sahih.However, Tirmidhi said, "This hadith has also been narrated from Israil as mursal." He said, Muhammad bin Ala told us, he said, Waki told us, from Israil, from Abu Ishaq, from Abu Maysara (who is Amr bin Shurahil), that Umar bin Khattab said, "O Allah, give us a clear explanation about wine," and he mentioned it.Then he said, "This is more sahih than the hadith of Muhammad bin Yusuf." End of quote.I say, this is how Tirmidhi narrated it through the route of Muhammad bin Yusuf, from Israil. Ismail bin Jafar, Khalaf bin Walid, Ubaydullah bin Musa, and others narrated it from Israil with the same chain but as marfu.As for His saying, "nor in a state of major ritual impurity, except when passing through, until you have bathed" [Nisa 4:43], this means that it is not permissible for someone in a state of major ritual impurity to remain in the masjid while in that state, but there is no harm in passing through it, and passing through simply means going across.And His saying, "but if you find no water, then use clean earth for purification" [Nisa 4:43]