Abu Dharr said, "Messenger of Allah, the people of wealth have taken away the rewards. They pray as we pray and fast as we fast, but they have surplus wealth which they give in charity, while we have no wealth to give in charity."The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Abu Dharr, shall I teach you words by which you will catch up with those who have surpassed you, and none will overtake you except those who do the same as you?"He said, "Yes, Messenger of Allah."He said, "Say Allahu Akbar thirty-three times after every prayer, praise Allah thirty-three times, glorify Him thirty-three times, and seal it with 'There is no god but Allah alone, with no partner. To Him belongs the dominion and to Him belongs all praise, and He is over all things capable.' His sins will be forgiven, even if they were like the foam of the sea."
يا رسول الله! ذهب أصحاب الدثور بالأجور، يصلون كما نصلي، ويصومون كما نصوم، ولهم فضول أموال يتصدقون بها، وليس لنا مال نتصدق به، فقال رسول الله ﷺ: يا أبا ذر ألا أعلمك كلمات تدرك بهن من سبقك، ولا يلحقك من خلفك إلا من أخذ بمثل عملك؟ قال: بلى يا رسول الله، قال: تكبر الله عز وجل دبر كل صلاة ثلاثا وثلاثين، وتحمده ثلاثا وثلاثين، وتسبحه ثلاثا وثلاثين، وتختمها بلا إله إلا الله وحده لا شريك له، له الملك وله الحمد، وهو على كل شيء قدير، غفرت له ذنوبه ولو كانت مثل زبد البحر.
Reported by Abu Dawud (1504), Ahmad (7243), and Ibn Hibban graded it sahih (2015), all of them through Walid bin Muslim, who said, Uzai narrated to us, who said, Hassan bin Atiya narrated to me, who said, Muhammad bin Abu Ayesha narrated to me, who said, Abu Hurairah narrated to me, who said, Abu Dharr said, and then he related it. Its chain is sahih, and Walid bin Muslim is a mudallis narrator, but he explicitly stated that he heard it directly.Ibn Majah also reported it (927) from Husayn bin Hasan Marwazi, who said, Sufyan bin Uyayna narrated to us, from Bishr bin Asim, from his father, from Abu Dharr, who said, It was said to the Prophet ﷺ, and sometimes Sufyan said, I said, "O Messenger of Allah," and in it came the words, "Shall I not tell you of something which, if you do it, you will catch up with those before you and outstrip those who come after you? You praise Allah after every prayer, and glorify Him, and magnify Him, thirty-three times, and thirty-three times, and thirty-four times." Sufyan said, I do not know which of them was the four and thirty.I say, it has already come earlier in the hadith of Kaab bin Ujra that the takbir is thirty-four times, and this is also supported by the other hadiths on this subject.Ibn Khuzayma also reported it in his Sahih (748) from Abdul-Jabbar bin Ala, who said, Sufyan narrated to us, with the same wording, and he added at the end of the hadith, along with the phrase "after every prayer," the words "and when you retire to your bed."As for what has been reported from Ibn Abbas, who said, The poor came to the Messenger of Allah and said, "O Messenger of Allah, the rich pray as we pray, and fast as we fast, and they have wealth with which they free slaves and give charity." He said, "When you pray, say, 'Glory be to Allah,' thirty-three times, and 'Praise be to Allah,' thirty-three times, and 'Allah is greatest,' thirty-four times, and 'There is no god but Allah,' ten times, for by this you will catch up with those who preceded you, and no one who comes after you will overtake you."This was reported by Tirmidhi (410) and Nasai (1353), both of them through Attab bin Bashir, from Khaseef, from Ikrima and Mujahid, from Ibn Abbas, who related it. Tirmidhi said, "A hasan gharib hadith."I say, its chain contains Attab bin Bashir, who narrated from Khaseef hadiths that are munkar, as Ahmad and others have said. And his words, "There is no god but Allah, ten times," have not come in the sahih hadiths.