The poor companions came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "The wealthy people have taken the higher ranks and lasting bliss. They pray as we pray, they fast as we fast, yet they have surplus wealth with which they perform Hajj and Umrah, fight in jihad, and give charity."The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Shall I tell you of a practice by which, if you adopt it, you will catch up with those who have surpassed you, and no one after you will catch up with you, and you will be the best of any community among whom you live, except for those who do the same? Glorify Allah, praise Him, and proclaim His greatness thirty-three times after every prayer."We then differed among ourselves. Some of us said, "We should glorify thirty-three times, praise thirty-three times, and proclaim His greatness thirty-four times."So I returned to him, and he said, "You say SubhanAllah, Alhamdulillah, and Allahu Akbar, until each of them reaches thirty-three."
ﷺ قال: جاء الفقراء إلى النبي ﷺ فقالوا: ذهب أهل الدثور من الأموال بالدرجات العلى والنعيم المقيم: يصلون كما نصلي، ويصومون كما نصوم، ولهم فضل من أموال يحجون بها ويعتمرون، ويجاهدون ويتصدقون. قال رسول الله ﷺ: ألا أحدثكم بأمر إن أخذتم به أدركتم من سبقكم، ولم يدرككم أحد بعدكم، وكنتم خير من أنتم بين ظهرانيه، إلا من عمل مثله، تسبحون وتحمدون وتكبرون خلف كل صلاة ثلاثا وثلاثين، فاختلفنا بيننا: فقال بعضنا: نسبح ثلاثا وثلاثين، ونحمد ثلاثا وثلاثين، ونكبر أربعا وثلاثين. فرجعت إليه، فقال: تقول سبحان الله، والحمد لله، والله أكبر، حتى يكون منهن كلهن ثلاث وثلاثون.
Bukhari related it in the Book of Adhan (843), and Muslim in the Book of Mosques (595), both of them through the route of Mutamir, from Ubaydullah, from Sumayy, from Abu Salih, from Abu Hurairah, and he mentioned it. The wording given is Bukhari's.Muslim added, Abu Salih said, "The poor among the Emigrants then went back to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, 'Our wealthy brothers heard what we did, so they did the same.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'That is the bounty of Allah which He gives to whom He wills.'"This addition is mursal, though it has been reported as connected through another route, and Muslim has ruled that it was inserted into the text.His saying "the wealthy" (with a dammah on the dal and the tha) is the plural of duthr (with a fathah followed by a sukun), meaning abundant wealth.His saying "so we differed among ourselves" the speaker here is Sumayy.His saying "so I went back to him" means to Abu Salih, as is indicated by some of Muslim's narrations.In summary, his saying "thirty-three times" could mean that this total is the sum for all three phrases combined, so if divided evenly, each would be said eleven times. This is what Suhayl bin Abu Salih understood, as Muslim narrated from him, but no one else corroborated Suhayl on this.The more evident meaning is that the total applies to each phrase individually, meaning one glorifies Allah thirty-three times, praises Allah thirty-three times, and magnifies Allah thirty-four times, completing a hundred. This is what the other hadiths support.And "after" here means after the tasleem.