My father used to say at the end of the prayer, "Allah, I seek refuge in You from disbelief, poverty, and the punishment of the grave." So I began saying these words myself.My father asked, "My son, from whom did you learn this?"I replied, "From you."He said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to say them at the end of the prayer."
كان أبي يقول في دبر الصلاة: اللهم إني أعوذ بك من الكفر والفقر وعذاب القبر، فكنت أقولهن، فقال أبي: أي بني عمن أخذت هذا؟ قلت عنك. قال: إن رسول الله ﷺ كان يقولهن في دبر الصلاة.
Nasai (1347) narrated it, as did Ahmad (20409, 20447), and Ibn Khuzayma (747) and Hakim (1/252) both graded it sahih, all of them through routes from Uthman Shahham, from Muslim bin Abu Bakra, who related it. The wording given is that of Nasai. Hakim said, "This hadith is sahih according to the criteria of Muslim, for he relied on this very isnad." "There will be turmoil, in which the leader is better than the follower." I say, it is as he said, except that Uthman Shahham, although he is among the narrators used by Muslim, is disputed, yet his hadith is hasan.Tirmidhi (3503) and Hakim (1/533) both narrated it through the route of Abu Asim Nabil, who said, Uthman Shahham narrated to us, saying, Muslim bin Abu Bakra told me, he said, my father heard me saying, "O Allah, I seek refuge in You from anxiety, laziness, and the punishment of the grave." He said, "My son, from whom did you hear this?" He said, "I heard you saying it." He said, "Keep saying it, for I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying it."Tirmidhi said, "This hadith is hasan gharib." And Hakim said, "This hadith is sahih according to the criteria of Muslim."The first wording was narrated by the group from Uthman Shahham, among them Waki, Rawh bin Ubada, and Yahya bin Saeed Qattan. And "dubr" here means the end of the prayer before the taslim.