The Prophet ﷺ named Madinah "Taybah."
أن النبي ﷺ سمى المدينة طيبة.
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Bukhari related it in Tarikh al-Kabir (2/146), from Umar bin Abdul-Wahhab, from Juwayria bin Asma, from Budayh, from Abdullah bin Jafar, and he mentioned it. Budayh, the freed slave of Abdullah bin Jafar, was narrated from by two people, and Ibn Hibban mentioned him in al-Thiqat, and his hadith is hasan when supported by corroborating evidence.Samhudi mentioned in Wafa al-Wafa (1/8) ninety-four names for Madinah, and the abundance of names indicates an abundance of virtues, since each name's virtue corresponds to its derivation. Before Islam, it was called "Yathrib," but the Prophet ﷺ disliked this name, because the naming Yathrib is taken from tathrib, meaning rebuke, and the Prophet ﷺ used to change an unpleasant name to a good one. That is why he named it "Tabah" and "Taybah."As for its being called "Yathrib" in the Quran, that is a quotation of the words of the hypocrites and those in whose hearts there was disease, "And when a party of them said, 'O people of Yathrib, there is no place for you here, so go back'" [Ahzab 33:13]