Malik bin Aws bin Hadathan reported,

Umar bin Khattab sent for me. While I was with him, his freedman Yarfa came in and said, "Uthman, Abdul-Rahman, Saad, and Zubayr bin Awwam are here." The narrator said, "I do not recall whether he mentioned Talha or not." Yarfa added, "They are seeking permission to see you."Umar said, "Let them in."After a short while, Yarfa came again and said, "Abbas and Ali are seeking permission to see you."Umar said, "Let them in."When Abbas entered, he said, "Commander of the Believers, judge between me and this man." The two of them were at that time disputing over what Allah had given as spoils to His Messenger from the property of Banu Nadir.The group said, "Judge between them, Commander of the Believers, and give each of them rest from the other, for their dispute has gone on too long."Umar said, "I adjure you by Allah, by whose permission the heavens and the earth stand firm, do you know that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'We are not inherited from. What we leave behind is charity'?"They replied, "Yes, he said that."Then Umar turned to Abbas and Ali and asked them the same, and they too said, "Yes."Umar said, "Then I shall tell you about this fay. Allah singled out His Prophet ﷺ with something from it that He gave to no one else. He said, 'And what Allah restored to His Messenger from them, you did not spur on any horse or camel for it' [Hashr 59:6]. So this was exclusively for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. By Allah, he did not keep it apart from you, nor did he take it for himself over you. He distributed it among you and spread it out among you until only this property remained from it. From it he would spend on his family for a year, then place whatever remained in the treasury of Allah's wealth. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed away, Abu Bakr said, 'I am the successor of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ after him,' and he handled it the same way the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had handled it."

حدثنا عبد الرزاق حدثنا معمر عن الزهري

عن مالك بن أوس بن الحدثان قال

أرسل إلي عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه فبينا أنا كذلك إذ جاءه مولاه يرفأ فقال هذا عثمان وعبد الرحمن وسعد والزبير بن العوام قال ولا أدري أذكر طلحة أم لا يستأذنون عليك قال ائذن لهم ثم مكث ساعة ثم جاء فقال هذا العباس وعلي رضي الله عنهما يستأذنان عليك قال ائذن لهما فلما دخل العباس قال يا أمير المؤمنين اقض بيني وبين هذا وهما حينئذ يختصمان فيما أفاء الله على رسوله من أموال بني النضير فقال القوم اقض بينهما يا أمير المؤمنين وأرح كل واحد من صاحبه فقد طالت خصومتهما فقال عمر رضي الله عنه أنشدكم الله الذي بإذنه تقوم السموات والأرض أتعلمون أن رسول الله ﷺ قال لا نورث ما تركنا صدقة قالوا قد قال ذلك وقال لهما مثل ذلك فقالا نعم قال فإني سأخبركم عن هذا الفيء إن الله عز وجل خص نبيه ﷺ منه بشيء لم يعطه غيره فقال {وما أفاء الله على رسوله منهم فما أوجفتم عليه من خيل ولا ركاب} وكانت لرسول الله ﷺ خاصة والله ما احتازها دونكم ولا استأثر بها عليكم لقد قسمها بينكم وبثها فيكم حتى بقي منها هذا المال فكان ينفق على أهله منه سنة ثم يجعل ما بقي منه مجعل مال الله فلما قبض رسول الله ﷺ قال أبو بكر رضي الله عنه أنا ولي رسول الله ﷺ بعده أعمل فيها بما كان يعمل رسول الله ﷺ فيها