The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "When a woman marries without the permission of her guardian, her marriage is invalid, her marriage is invalid, her marriage is invalid. If he has consummated the marriage with her, she is entitled to her dowry in return for what he obtained from her. If they dispute, then the ruler is the guardian of one who has no guardian."Ibn Jurayj said, "I met Zuhri and asked him about this hadith, but he did not recognize it." He said, Sulayman bin Musa was such and such, and he praised him. The ruler referred to here is the judge, because matters of marriage and legal rulings fall under his authority.
حدثنا إسماعيل حدثنا ابن جريج قال أخبرني سليمان بن موسى عن الزهري عن عروة
قال رسول الله ﷺ إذا نكحت المرأة بغير أمر مولاها فنكاحها باطل فنكاحها باطل فنكاحها باطل فإن أصابها فلها مهرها بما أصاب منها فإن اشتجروا فالسلطان ولي من لا ولي له قال ابن جريج فلقيت الزهري فسألته عن هذا الحديث فلم يعرفه قال وكان سليمان بن موسى وكان فأثنى عليه السلطان القاضي لأن إليه أمر الفروج والأحكام
Its isnad is sahih. Sulayman bin Musa is al-Ashdaq, and he is trustworthy, his hadith appearing in the Sunan works and in Muslim. The hadith was narrated by Abu Dawud 2/229 no. 2083, Tirmidhi 3/398 no. 1102 who graded it hasan, Ibn Majah 1/605 no. 1879, and Humaydi no. 228.