The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to frequently say in his bowing and prostration, "Glory be to You, Allah, our Lord, and praise be to You. Allah, forgive me," interpreting the Quran by it.
حدثنا جرير عن منصور عن أبي الضحى عن مسروق
كان رسول الله ﷺ يكثر أن يقول في ركوعه وسجوده سبحانك اللهم ربنا وبحمدك اللهم اغفر لي يتأول القرآن
Its chain of transmission is sahih. Bukhari related it, 2/299, no. 817, in Fath al-Bari, in the chapter on adhan. Muslim related it, 1/350, no. 484, and Abu Dawud, 1/232, no. 877, both in the chapter on prayer. Nasai related it, 2/190, no. 1047, in the chapter on tatbiq. Ibn Majah related it, 1/287, no. 889, in the chapter on iqamah.