Kaab bin al-Ashraf used to compose insulting poetry against the Prophet, so the Prophet ﷺ ordered Saad bin Muaz to send five men to him. They came to him while he was sitting with his people in al-Awali. When he saw them, he became alarmed and asked, "What brings you here?"They replied, "We have come to you on a matter of need."He said, "Let one of you come close and tell me what you need."One of them came near, and they said, "We have come to sell you some armor of ours."He said, "By Allah, if you do that, it shows you are in dire straits since this man came among you," or he said, "came upon you."They arranged with him to return after the night had grown still. They came back, and he got up to meet them. His wife said to him, "These men have not come to you at this hour for anything you would welcome."He replied, "They have already told me what they need."When he drew near them, Abu Abs embraced him, and Muhammad bin Maslama struck him from above with the sword and stabbed him in the side, and they killed him.When morning came, the Jews went to the Prophet and said, "Our chief has been killed by treachery."The Prophet ﷺ reminded them of the insulting verses Kaab had composed against him and the harm he had inflicted upon him. Then the Prophet ﷺ invited them to draw up a written agreement between him and them. That document remained with Ali.
حدثنا عبد الرزاق: أخبرنا معمر عن الزهري،
أن كعب بن الأشرف كان يهجو النبي، فأمر النبي ﷺ سعد بن معاذ أن يبعث إليه خمسة نفر، فأتوه وهو في مجلس قومه في العوالي، فلما رآهم ذعر منهم وقال: ما جاء بكم؟ قالوا: جئنا إليك لحاجة. قال: فليدن إلي بعضكم فليحدثني بحاجته. فدنا منه بعضهم، فقالوا: جئناك لنبيعك أدرعا لنا، قال: والله إن فعلتم، لقد جهدتم منذ نزل هذا الرجل بين أظهركم - أو قال: بكم فواعدوه أن يأتوه بعد هدأة من الليل، قال: فجاؤوه، فقام إليهم، فقالت له امرأته: ما جاءك هؤلاء في هذه الساعة لشيء مما تحب. قال: إنهم قد حدثوني بحاجتهم. فلما دنا منهم، اعتنقه أبو عبس، وعلاه محمد بن مسلمة بالسيف، وطعنه في خاصرته، فقتلوه، فلما أصبحت اليهود، غدوا إلى النبي، فقالوا: قتل سيدنا عيلة. فذكرهم النبي ﷺ ما كان يهجوه في أشعاره، وما كان يؤذيه، ثم دعاهم النبي ﷺ إلى أن يكتب بينه وبينهم كتابا. قال: فكان ذلك الكتاب مع علي
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