Muawiya performed the pilgrimage and sent word to Shayba bin Uthman to open the door of the Kaabah. He said, "Bring me Abdullah bin Umar."Ibn Umar came, and Muawiya asked him, "Has it reached you that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed inside the Kaabah?"Ibn Umar replied, "Yes. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered the Kaabah, and his exit was delayed. I had some need, so I left and then returned quickly, only to find the Messenger of Allah ﷺ coming out. So I asked Bilal bin Rabah, 'Did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ pray inside the Kaabah?' He answered, 'Yes, he prayed two units of prayer between the two pillars.'"
حدثنا يحيى بن سعيد عن السائب بن عمر حدثني
أن معاوية حج فأرسل إلى شيبة بن عثمان أن افتح باب الكعبة فقال علي بعبد الله بن عمر قال فجاء ابن عمر فقال له معاوية هل بلغك أن رسول الله ﷺ صلى في الكعبة فقال نعم دخل رسول الله ﷺ الكعبة فتأخر خروجه فوجدت شيئا فذهبت ثم جئت سريعا فوجدت رسول الله ﷺ خارجا فسألت بلال بن رباح هل صلى رسول الله ﷺ في الكعبة قال نعم ركع ركعتين بين الساريتين
Its chain of transmission is sahih. Saaib bin Umar is al-Makhzumi, a trustworthy narrator, whose hadith appears in Sunan and in Bukhari's Adab. This hadith was narrated by Bukhari 1/550 no. 97 (Fath) in the Book of Prayer, Muslim 2/966 no. 329 in the Book of Hajj, Abu Dawud 2/213 no. 2023, Tirmidhi 3/214 no. 874, who said it is hasan sahih, Nasai 2/33 no. 692, and Ibn Majah 2/1018 no. 3063, all of them in the Book of Hajj and the Rites. Also Humaydi 1/82 no. 149 and 2/304 no. 692, and Abd bin Humayd 141 no. 360 in al-Muntakhab.