Abu Umama reported,

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was sitting in the mosque, and the people thought that revelation was descending upon him, so they kept their distance from him. Then Abu Dharr came in, made his way through, and came and sat beside him.The Prophet ﷺ turned to them and said, "Abu Dharr, have you prayed today?"He replied, "No."The Prophet said, "Get up and pray."When Abu Dharr had prayed four units of the forenoon prayer, the Prophet turned to him and said, "Abu Dharr, seek refuge from the evil of the devils among jinn and mankind."Abu Dharr asked, "Prophet of Allah, are there devils among mankind too?"He replied, "Yes. The devils of mankind and jinn inspire one another with elaborate speech as a deception."Then he said, "Abu Dharr, shall I not teach you something from the treasures of Paradise?"Abu Dharr said, "Yes, may Allah make me your ransom."He said, "Say, there is no power and no strength except by Allah."Abu Dharr said, I said, "There is no power and no strength except by Allah."Then he fell silent toward me, and I felt his silence had been long. I said, "Prophet of Allah, we were people of ignorance and worshippers of idols, and Allah sent you as a mercy to the worlds. Tell me about prayer, what is it?"He said, "It is the best thing prescribed. Whoever wishes may do little of it, and whoever wishes may do much of it."I said, "Prophet of Allah, tell me about fasting, what is it?"He said, "It is an obligation that brings reward."I said, "Prophet of Allah, tell me about charity, what is it?"He said, "It is multiplied many times over, and with Allah there is even more."I said, "Prophet of Allah, which charity is best?"He said, "What is given secretly to the poor, and the effort of one who has little."I said, "Prophet of Allah, which of what was revealed to you is the greatest?"He said, "Allah, there is no god but He, the Living, the Self-Sustaining" [Baqarah 2:255], the Verse of the Throne.I said, "Prophet of Allah, which of the martyrs is best?"He said, "The one whose blood is shed and whose horse is hamstrung."I said, "Prophet of Allah, which slaves are best to free?"He said, "Those highest in price and most precious to their owners."I said, "Prophet of Allah, which of the prophets was the first?"He said, "Adam ."I said, "Prophet of Allah, was Adam a prophet?"He said, "Yes, a prophet who was spoken to. Allah created him with His own hand, then breathed into him from His spirit, then said to him, 'Adam,' face to face."I said, "Messenger of Allah, how many prophets were there in all?"He said, "One hundred and twenty-four thousand. The messengers among them numbered three hundred and fifteen, a great multitude."

حدثنا أبو المغيرة حدثنا معان بن رفاعة حدثني علي بن يزيد عن القاسم أبي عبد الرحمن

عن أبي أمامة قال

كان رسول الله ﷺ في المسجد جالسا وكانوا يظنون أنه ينزل عليه فأقصروا عنه حتى جاء أبو ذر فاقتحم فأتى فجلس إليه فأقبل عليهم النبي ﷺ فقال يا أبا ذر هل صليت اليوم قال لا قال قم فصل فلما صلى أربع ركعات الضحى أقبل عليه فقال يا أبا ذر تعوذ من شر شياطين الجن والإنس قال يا نبي الله وهل للإنس شياطين قال نعم شياطين الإنس والجن يوحي بعضهم إلى بعض زخرف القول غرورا ثم قال يا أبا ذر ألا أعلمك من كنز الجنة قال بلى جعلني الله فداءك قال قل لا حول ولا قوة إلا بالله قال فقلت لا حول ولا قوة إلا بالله قال ثم سكت عني فاستبطأت كلامه قال قلت يا نبي الله إنا كنا أهل جاهلية وعبدة أوثان فبعثك الله رحمة للعالمين أرأيت الصلاة ماذا هي قال خير موضوع من شاء استقل ومن شاء استكثر قال قلت يا نبي الله أرأيت الصيام ماذا هو قال فرض مجزئ قال قلت يا نبي الله أرأيت الصدقة ماذا هي قال أضعاف مضاعفة وعند الله المزيد قال قلت يا نبي الله فأي الصدقة أفضل قال سر إلى فقير وجهد من مقل قال قلت يا نبي الله أيما نزل عليك أعظم قال {الله لا إله إلا هو الحي القيوم} آية الكرسي قال قلت يا نبي الله أي الشهداء أفضل قال من سفك دمه وعقر جواده قال قلت يا نبي الله فأي الرقاب أفضل قال أغلاها ثمنا وأنفسها عند أهلها قال قلت يا نبي الله فأي الأنبياء كان أول قال آدم عليه السلام قال قلت يا نبي الله أونبي كان آدم قال نعم نبي مكلم خلقه الله بيده ثم نفخ فيه روحه ثم قال له يا آدم قبلا قال قلت يا رسول الله كم وفى عدة الأنبياء قال مائة ألف وأربعة وعشرون ألفا الرسل من ذلك ثلاث مائة وخمسة عشر جما غفيرا