Abu Ayyash reported,

We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at Usfan when the polytheists confronted us, led by Khalid bin Walid, with their forces positioned between us and the qiblah. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ led us in the noon prayer.The polytheists said, "They were in a position where we could have caught them off guard." Then they said, "A prayer is now coming upon them that is more beloved to them than their own children and themselves."Then Jibreel descended with these verses between the noon and afternoon prayers, "And when you are among them and lead them in prayer..." [Nisa 4:102].When the time for prayer came, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded them, and they took up their weapons. We formed two rows behind him. He bowed, and we all bowed together. Then he rose, and we all rose together. Then the Prophet ﷺ prostrated along with the row directly behind him, while the other row remained standing, guarding them. When those who had prostrated rose, the others sat and prostrated in their places. Then the first group advanced to the position of the second, and the second group moved to the position of the first.Then he bowed, and they all bowed together. Then he rose, and they all rose together. Then the Prophet ﷺ prostrated along with the row directly behind him, while the other row remained standing, guarding them. When he sat, the others sat and prostrated. Then he gave the salam and finished the prayer.The Messenger of Allah ﷺ performed this prayer twice, once at Usfan and once in the land of Banu Sulaym.

قال حدثنا عبد الرزاق حدثنا الثوري عن منصور عن مجاهد

عن أبي عياش الزرقي قال

كنا مع رسول الله ﷺ بعسفان فاستقبلنا المشركون عليهم خالد بن الوليد وهم بيننا وبين القبلة فصلى بنا رسول الله ﷺ الظهر فقالوا قد كانوا على حال لو أصبنا غرتهم ثم قالوا تأتي عليهم الآن صلاة هي أحب إليهم من أبنائهم وأنفسهم قال فنزل جبريل عليه السلام بهذه الآيات بين الظهر والعصر {وإذا كنت فيهم فأقمت لهم الصلاة} قال فحضرت فأمرهم رسول الله ﷺ فأخذوا السلاح قال فصففنا خلفه صفين قال ثم ركع فركعنا جميعا ثم رفع فرفعنا جميعا ثم سجد النبي ﷺ بالصف الذي يليه والآخرون قيام يحرسونهم فلما سجدوا وقاموا جلس الآخرون فسجدوا في مكانهم ثم تقدم هؤلاء إلى مصاف هؤلاء وجاء هؤلاء إلى مصاف هؤلاء قال ثم ركع فركعوا جميعا ثم رفع فرفعوا جميعا ثم سجد النبي ﷺ والصف الذي يليه والآخرون قيام يحرسونهم فلما جلس جلس الآخرون فسجدوا فسلم عليهم ثم انصرف قال فصلاها رسول الله ﷺ مرتين مرة بعسفان ومرة بأرض بني سليم