Malik bin Aws bin Hadathan reported,

Malik bin Aws reported,Umar sent for me as the day grew hot, so I came to him and found him sitting on a bare couch, leaning on its leather straps. When I entered, he said, "Malik, some families of your people have arrived in distress, and I have ordered something to be given to them. Take charge of distributing it among them."I said, "If only you had ordered someone else to do this."He said, "Take it."Then Yarfa came in and said, "Commander of the Faithful, would you receive Uthman bin Affan, Abdul-Rahman bin Awf, Zubayr bin Awwam, and Saad bin Abu Waqqas?"He said, "Yes," and gave them permission to enter, so they came in.Then Yarfa came again and said, "Commander of the Faithful, would you receive Abbas and Ali?"He said, "Yes," and gave them permission to enter, so they came in.Abbas said, "Commander of the Faithful, decide between me and this one," meaning Ali.Some of the others said, "Yes, Commander of the Faithful, decide between them and give them rest."Malik bin Aws said, "It seemed to me that those men had been sent ahead by them for that very purpose."Umar, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "Wait." Then he turned to that group and said, "I ask you by Allah, by whose permission the heavens and the earth stand, do you know that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'We are not inherited from. What we leave is charity'?"They said, "Yes."Then he turned to Ali and Abbas and said, "I ask you both by Allah, by whose permission the heavens and the earth stand, do you know that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'We are not inherited from. What we leave is charity'?"They both said, "Yes."He said, "Allah singled out His Messenger ﷺ with a privilege He did not grant to anyone else. Allah, the Exalted, said, "And what Allah restored to His Messenger from them, you did not spur on for it any horse or camel, but Allah gives His messengers power over whomever He wills, and Allah is over all things competent" [Hashr 59:6]. Allah granted His Messenger the property of Banu Nadir, and by Allah, he did not keep it for himself apart from you, nor did he take it to your exclusion. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ would take from it his yearly maintenance, or his and his family's yearly maintenance, and place what remained in the treasury of the Muslims."Then he turned to that group and said, "I ask you by Allah, by whose permission the heavens and the earth stand, do you know this?"They said, "Yes."Then he turned to Abbas and Ali and said, "I ask you both by Allah, by whose permission the heavens and the earth stand, do you know this?"They said, "Yes.""When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed away, Abu Bakr said, 'I am the successor of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.' Then you and this one came to Abu Bakr, you seeking your inheritance from your nephew, and this one seeking his wife's inheritance from her father. Abu Bakr, may Allah have mercy on him, said, 'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, We are not inherited from. What we leave is charity.' And Allah knows that he was truthful, righteous, rightly-guided, and a follower of the truth. So Abu Bakr took charge of it.When Abu Bakr passed away, I said, 'I am the successor of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and the successor of Abu Bakr.' So I took charge of it for as long as Allah willed that I do so. Then you and this one came, the two of you united, your matter being one, and you asked me for it. I said, 'If you wish, I will hand it over to you on the condition that you give Allah's covenant that you will manage it the way the Messenger of Allah ﷺ managed it.' So you took it from me on that condition. Now you have come to me asking me to judge between you by something other than that. By Allah, I will not judge between you by anything other than that until the Hour comes. If you are unable to manage it, then return it to me."

حدثنا الحسن بن علي ومحمد بن يحيى بن فارس المعنى قالا حدثنا بشر بن عمر الزهراني حدثني مالك بن أنس عن ابن شهاب

عن مالك بن أوس بن الحدثان قال

أرسل إلي عمر حين تعالى النهار فجئته فوجدته جالسا على سرير مفضيا إلى رماله فقال حين دخلت عليه يا مال إنه قد دف أهل أبيات من قومك وإني قد أمرت فيهم بشيء فأقسم فيهم قلت لو أمرت غيري بذلك فقال خذه فجاءه يرفأ فقال يا أمير المؤمنين هل لك في عثمان بن عفان وعبد الرحمن بن عوف والزبير بن العوام وسعد بن أبي وقاص قال نعم فأذن لهم فدخلوا ثم جاءه يرفأ فقال يا أمير المؤمنين هل لك في العباس وعلي قال نعم فأذن لهم فدخلوا فقال العباس يا أمير المؤمنين اقض بيني وبين هذا يعني عليا فقال بعضهم أجل يا أمير المؤمنين اقض بينهما وأرحهما قال مالك بن أوس خيل إلي أنهما قدما أولئك النفر لذلك فقال عمر رحمه الله اتئدا ثم أقبل على أولئك الرهط فقال أنشدكم بالله الذي بإذنه تقوم السماء والأرض هل تعلمون أن رسول الله ﷺ قال لا نورث ما تركنا صدقة قالوا نعم ثم أقبل على علي والعباس رضي الله عنهما فقال أنشدكما بالله الذي بإذنه تقوم السماء والأرض هل تعلمان أن رسول الله ﷺ قال لا نورث ما تركنا صدقة فقالا نعم قال فإن الله خص رسوله ﷺ بخاصة لم يخص بها أحدا من الناس فقال الله تعالى {وما أفاء الله على رسوله منهم فما أوجفتم عليه من خيل ولا ركاب ولكن الله يسلط رسله على من يشاء والله على كل شيء قدير} وكان الله أفاء على رسوله بني النضير فوالله ما استأثر بها عليكم ولا أخذها دونكم فكان رسول الله ﷺ يأخذ منها نفقة سنة أو نفقته ونفقة أهله سنة ويجعل ما بقي أسوة المال ثم أقبل على أولئك الرهط فقال أنشدكم بالله الذي بإذنه تقوم السماء والأرض هل تعلمون ذلك قالوا نعم ثم أقبل على العباس وعلي رضي الله عنهما فقال أنشدكما بالله الذي بإذنه تقوم السماء والأرض هل تعلمان ذلك قالا نعم فلما توفي رسول الله ﷺ قال أبو بكر أنا ولي رسول الله ﷺ فجئت أنت وهذا إلى أبي بكر تطلب أنت ميراثك من ابن أخيك ويطلب هذا ميراث امرأته من أبيها فقال أبو بكر رحمه الله قال رسول الله ﷺ لا نورث ما تركنا صدقة والله يعلم إنه لصادق بار راشد تابع للحق فوليها أبو بكر فلما توفي أبو بكر قلت أنا ولي رسول الله ﷺ وولي أبي بكر فوليتها ما شاء الله أن أليها فجئت أنت وهذا وأنتما جميع وأمركما واحد فسألتمانيها فقلت إن شئتما أن أدفعها إليكما على أن عليكما عهد الله أن تلياها بالذي كان رسول الله ﷺ يليها فأخذتماها مني على ذلك ثم جئتماني لأقضي بينكما بغير ذلك والله لا أقضي بينكما بغير ذلك حتى تقوم الساعة فإن عجزتما عنها فرداها إلي