Abdullah bin Zubayr used to recite the declaration of Allah's oneness after every prayer. He mentioned a supplication similar to this one, with the addition, "There is no power and no strength except with Allah. There is no god but Allah. We worship none but Him. To Him belongs all favor." Then he continued with the rest of the hadith.
حدثنا محمد بن سليمان الأنباري حدثنا عبدة عن هشام بن عروة
كان عبد الله بن الزبير يهلل في دبر كل صلاة فذكر نحو هذا الدعاء زاد فيه ولا حول ولا قوة إلا بالله لا إله إلا الله لا نعبد إلا إياه له النعمة وساق بقية الحديث
[Sahih] See the previous hadith. Bayhaqi (2/184, 185) also narrated it from the hadith of Abu Dawud, with the same wording.