Saad bin Hisham said, I divorced my wife and went to Madinah to sell some property I owned there, so that I could buy weapons with the proceeds and go out on campaign. There I met a group of the Prophet's ﷺ companions, and they said, "Six men among us once wanted to do just that, and the Prophet ﷺ forbade them, saying, 'You have indeed in the Messenger of Allah an excellent example' [Ahzab 33:21]."So I went to Ibn Abbas and asked him about the Prophet's ﷺ witr prayer.Ibn Abbas said, "Shall I direct you to the person who knows most about the witr of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ? Go to Ayesha ."So I set out to see her, and I asked Hakeem bin Aflah to come along with me. He refused at first, but when I pressed him he came with me. We asked permission to enter upon Ayesha.She asked, "Who is this?"He replied, "Hakeem bin Aflah."She asked, "And who is with you?"He said, "Saad bin Hisham."She asked, "Hisham bin Amir, the one who was killed on the day of Uhud?"I said, "Yes."She said, "Amir was an excellent man."I said, "Umm Muiminin, tell me about the character of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ."She replied, "Do you not recite the Quran? The character of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was the Quran itself."I said, "Tell me about standing in prayer at night."She asked, "Do you not recite 'O you who wraps himself in his garment' [Muzzammil 73:1]?"I said, "Yes."She said, "The opening of that surah was revealed, and the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood in prayer until their feet became swollen. Then its closing portion was withheld in heaven for twelve months, after which the end of it was revealed, and so standing in prayer at night became voluntary after having been an obligation."I said, "Tell me about the witr of the Prophet ﷺ."She said, "He used to pray eight rakat, sitting only in the eighth, then he would rise and pray one more rakat. He sat only in the eighth and the ninth, and he gave the salam only in the ninth. Then he would pray two rakat while seated. That makes eleven rakat, my son. When he grew older and put on weight, he prayed seven rakat for his witr, sitting only in the sixth and the seventh, and giving the salam only in the seventh. Then he would pray two rakat while seated. That makes nine rakat, my son. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ never spent a whole night standing in prayer until morning, he never recited the entire Quran in a single night, and he never fasted a complete month apart from Ramadan. Whenever he took up a prayer, he kept to it regularly. And if sleep overcame him during the night, he would pray twelve rakat during the day."Saad bin Hisham said, I then went back to Ibn Abbas and told him what she had said.He said, "By Allah, this is the account. Had I been on speaking terms with her, I would have gone to her myself to hear it from her own lips."I said, "Had I known that you do not speak with her, I would not have told you this."
حدثنا حفص بن عمر حدثنا همام حدثنا قتادة عن زرارة بن أوفى
طلقت امرأتي فأتيت المدينة لأبيع عقارا كان لي بها فأشتري به السلاح وأغزو فلقيت نفرا من أصحاب النبي ﷺ فقالوا قد أراد نفر منا ستة أن يفعلوا ذلك فنهاهم النبي ﷺ وقال {لقد كان لكم في رسول الله أسوة حسنة} فأتيت ابن عباس فسألته عن وتر النبي ﷺ فقال أدلك على أعلم الناس بوتر رسول الله ﷺ فأت عائشة رضي الله عنها فأتيتها فاستتبعت حكيم بن أفلح فأبى فناشدته فانطلق معي فاستأذنا على عائشة فقالت من هذا قال حكيم بن أفلح قالت ومن معك قال سعد بن هشام قالت هشام بن عامر الذي قتل يوم أحد قال قلت نعم قالت نعم المرء كان عامر قال قلت يا أم المؤمنين حدثيني عن خلق رسول الله ﷺ قالت ألست تقرأ القرآن فإن خلق رسول الله ﷺ كان القرآن قال قلت حدثيني عن قيام الليل قالت ألست تقرأ يا أيها المزمل قال قلت بلى قالت فإن أول هذه السورة نزلت فقام أصحاب رسول الله ﷺ حتى انتفخت أقدامهم وحبس خاتمتها في السماء اثني عشر شهرا ثم نزل آخرها فصار قيام الليل تطوعا بعد فريضة قال قلت حدثيني عن وتر النبي ﷺ قالت كان يوتر بثمان ركعات لا يجلس إلا في الثامنة ثم يقوم فيصلي ركعة أخرى لا يجلس إلا في الثامنة والتاسعة ولا يسلم إلا في التاسعة ثم يصلي ركعتين وهو جالس فتلك إحدى عشرة ركعة يا بني فلما أسن وأخذ اللحم أوتر بسبع ركعات لم يجلس إلا في السادسة والسابعة ولم يسلم إلا في السابعة ثم يصلي ركعتين وهو جالس فتلك هي تسع ركعات يا بني ولم يقم رسول الله ﷺ ليلة يتمها إلى الصباح ولم يقرأ القرآن في ليلة قط ولم يصم شهرا يتمه غير رمضان وكان إذا صلى صلاة داوم عليها وكان إذا غلبته عيناه من الليل بنوم صلى من النهار ثنتي عشرة ركعة قال فأتيت ابن عباس فحدثته فقال هذا والله هو الحديث ولو كنت أكلمها لأتيتها حتى أشافهها به مشافهة قال قلت لو علمت أنك لا تكلمها ما حدثتك
Muslim narrated it in "Prayer of the Traveler," in the chapter "A Comprehensive Account of Night Prayer and One Who Sleeps Through It or Falls Ill," hadith no. 746, from the hadith of Qatada through this same chain.